Titanium alloy yog hu ua "qhov chaw hlau" los yog "dej hiav txwv hlau" vim hais tias nws combines lub zog ntawm steel nrog lightness ntawm txhuas thiab ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv huab cua corrosion thiab kub ib puag ncig. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev ua tau zoo heev no tseem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj hauv machining.Titanium alloy yog inherently "studborn": nws muaj ib tug siab deformation kuj, zoo li ib tug nyuaj "lub pob zeb"; Nws muaj cov thermal conductivity tsis zoo, thiab cua sov yog ib qho yooj yim mus sau hauv zos, ua rau overheating; Nws muaj zog heev ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thiab reacts nrog oxygen, nitrogen, thiab lwm yam nyob rau hauv cov huab cua zoo li ib tug hma tshaib plab, tsim ib nkig thiab tawv txheej txheej. Yog li ntawd, peb tsis tuaj yeem kho nws zoo li forged zoo tib yam hlau. Forging, ib tug ancient thiab ntse tshuab, tsis yog ib tug yooj yim shaping rau titanium alloys, tab sis ntau zoo li ib tug ua tib zoo npaj "taming" txheej txheem. Its core purpose is to break its coarse original cast structure through high temperature and pressure, and transform its internal structure into uniform, dense and fine grains, so as to fully stimulate the potential of titanium alloy - high strength, high toughness, fatigue resistance - completely stimulate.
Forging titanium alloy yog los ntawm tsis muaj txhais tau tias muaj peev xwm ntawm brute quab yuam, nws pib nrog ceev faj npaj thiab raug kwv yees. Ua ntej, cua sov yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb. Titanium alloys muaj qhov nqaim forging kub qhov rais, feem ntau ntawm 850℃thiab 950℃(rau ntau qib). Yog tias qhov ntsuas kub qis dhau, cov khoom siv nyuaj rau deform thiab yooj yim tawg; Yog tias qhov kub thiab txias dhau lawm, cov nplej yuav loj hlob sai lossis tseem yaj kub dhau, ua rau cov khoom tawg. Qhov ntsuas kub no yog tswj hwm nruj thiab yuav tsum yog "tsuas yog". Cov txheej txheem cua sov feem ntau yog ua nyob rau hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob lossis roj qhov cub, qhov chaw cua yuav tsum nyob nruab nrab lossis me ntsis oxidized, thiab qee zaum txawm tias argon tiv thaiv yuav tsum txo qis qhov nqus ntawm cov pa phem. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev npaj ntawm billet saum npoo ua ntej forging yog qhov tseem ceeb, vim tias muaj cov kab nrib pleb me me lossis qhov tsis xws luag tuaj yeem nthuav dav tom qab forging, yuav tsum tau ceev faj tu. Nws tuaj yeem hais tias ua ntej titanium alloy raug xa mus rau hauv forged rauj, engineers twb tau npaj tag nrho "kev hloov pauv" txoj hauv kev rau nws los ntawm kev ntsuas ntsuas kub thiab cov txheej txheem tsim.
Thaum lub titanium alloy billet rhuab mus rau tshav kub yog muab tawm, ib tug "kub ua" nyob rau hauv ib tug sib tw tiv thaiv lub sij hawm pib. Cov txheej txheem forging feem ntau yog muab faib ua ntau qhov hluav taws kub (piv txwv li, cua sov-forging-reheating cycles). Qhov thib ib yog "blanking", uas yog, siv lub siab loj los ua ntej ua txhaum cov txheej txheem xoob thiab ntxhib hauv cov ingot. Qhov no yog ua raws li "multi-directional forging," uas yog lub ntsiab ntawm titanium forging. Craftsman los yog manipulator yuav tsum tas li hloov cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub zog ntawm lub billet thiab pheej chim thiab lengthen. Cov txheej txheem no zoo li kneading, los ntawm ntau- kev taw qhia cov yas deformation, cov nplej sab hauv tau tawg tag, twisted thiab rov tsim dua tshiab, ua rau muaj cov qauv zoo thiab cov qauv isoaxial crystal. Qhov no tsis tsuas yog txhim kho cov uniformity ntawm cov khoom, tab sis kuj zoo heev txhim kho nws cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Thaum lub sij hawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem deformation, tus nqi deformation, deformation tus nqi thiab qhov kawg forging kub yog tswj nruj heev. Qhov kawg forging kub yuav tsum tsis txhob tsawg dhau, txwv tsis pub nws yuav ua rau ua hauj lwm hardening los yog txawm tawg. Niaj hnub nimno forging feem ntau yog siv hydraulic presses los yog ceev forging presses, uas muaj peev xwm muab du thiab loj siab kom ua tiav "maj mam thiab ruaj" shaping ntawm titanium alloys.
Raws li cov duab thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm cov khoom kawg, titanium alloy forging feem ntau muab faib ua ob txoj hauv kev: dawb forging thiab tuag forging. Dawb forging, raws li nws lub npe qhia, yog cov yas tsim ntawm billets hauv zos los yog tag nrho los ntawm cov cuab yeej yooj yim (xws li lub tiaj tus anvils, profile anvils). Nws yog qhov hloov tau yooj yim thiab tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov loj, kuj yooj yim forgings, xws li discs thiab shafts rau aero engines, los yog rau marine siab -cov vaj tse resistant. Dawb forging muab kev ruaj ntseg zoo ntawm qhov sib sib zog nqus zoo ntawm forgings, tab sis muaj qhov txwv qhov tseeb thiab cov duab tsis yooj yim. Tuag forging yuav muab tso rau hauv lub rhuab billet rau hauv ib tug pre- tsim precision pwm kab noj hniav thiab sau nws nrog lub siab los sau cov pwm kab noj hniav. Txoj kev no tuaj yeem tsim qhov chaw nrog cov duab sib txawv thiab qhov loj me me ntawm ib lub sijhawm, xws li lub dav hlau tsaws iav, cov hniav, thiab lwm yam. Cov tuag forging muaj kev ua haujlwm me me thiab siv cov khoom siv siab, tab sis tus nqi pwm yog siab, thiab cov txheej txheem forging cov txheej txheem tsis xav tau ntau dua. Txoj kev twg los xaiv yog kev kos duab ntawm kev lag luam- tawm ntawm cov khoom lag luam, cov nqi tsim khoom, thiab kev tsim khoom.
Qhov kawg ntawm forging tsis yog qhov kawg ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem. Titanium qhov chaw uas nyuam qhuav tau forged muaj cov kev ntxhov siab loj heev thiab cov qauv tsis sib xws hauv, uas yuav tsum tau "kho kom sov" kom ruaj khov thiab ua kom zoo dua qub. Los ntawm cov txheej txheem sib txawv xws li annealing thiab daws kev laus, nws cov microstructure tuaj yeem hloov kho, kev ntxhov siab sab hauv tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv lub xeev zoo thiab ruaj khov. Tom qab no series ntawm "tempering" thiab "fire tests", titanium alloys thaum kawg tau rov qab los ua siab - cov ntaub ntawv kawg uas tuaj yeem tiv taus 10,000 meters ntawm qhov tob - hiav txwv siab, tiv taus siab -kub cua tam sim no thaum lub sij hawm supersonic ya davhlau, los yog ua hauj lwm zoo nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev tau ntau xyoo lawm. Saib tom ntej, titanium alloy forging thev naus laus zis tau hloov zuj zus mus rau qhov kev coj ua ntau dua thiab kev txawj ntse. Isothermal forging, nyob ze -net forming thiab lwm yam thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem tsim cov duab nyuaj heev uas yuav luag tsis muaj kev ua tiav tom qab ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thiab qis deformation tsis kam. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub tshuab computer simulation tau siv dav los kwv yees hlau ntws, kub hloov pauv thiab cov ntaub so ntswg evolution thaum lub sij hawm forging txheej txheem, thiaj li hais tias qhov "taming" taug txoj kev yog los ntawm qhov pib. Nws tuaj yeem hais tias txhua qhov kev ua tiav zoo ntawm titanium alloy yog kev sib tham zoo meej ntawm tib neeg kev txawj ntse thiab cov khoom siv.
